题目描述
(通过次数44,732 | 提交次数69,262,通过率64.58%)
部门表Department:
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| id | int |
| revenue | int |
| month | varchar |
+---------------+---------+
(id, month) 是表的联合主键。
这个表格有关于每个部门每月收入的信息。
月份(month)可以取下列值 ["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"]。
编写一个 SQL 查询来重新格式化表,使得新的表中有一个部门 id 列和一些对应每个月 的收入(revenue)列。
查询结果格式如下面的示例所示:
Department 表:
+------+---------+-------+
| id | revenue | month |
+------+---------+-------+
| 1 | 8000 | Jan |
| 2 | 9000 | Jan |
| 3 | 10000 | Feb |
| 1 | 7000 | Feb |
| 1 | 6000 | Mar |
+------+---------+-------+
查询得到的结果表:
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| id | Jan_Revenue | Feb_Revenue | Mar_Revenue | ... | Dec_Revenue |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| 1 | 8000 | 7000 | 6000 | ... | null |
| 2 | 9000 | null | null | ... | null |
| 3 | null | 10000 | null | ... | null |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
注意,结果表有 13 列 (1个部门 id 列 + 12个月份的收入列)。
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/reformat-department-table
部门表Department:
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| id | int |
| revenue | int |
| month | varchar |
+---------------+---------+
(id, month) 是表的联合主键。
这个表格有关于每个部门每月收入的信息。
月份(month)可以取下列值 ["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"]。
编写一个 SQL 查询来重新格式化表,使得新的表中有一个部门 id 列和一些对应每个月 的收入(revenue)列。
查询结果格式如下面的示例所示:
Department 表:
+------+---------+-------+
| id | revenue | month |
+------+---------+-------+
| 1 | 8000 | Jan |
| 2 | 9000 | Jan |
| 3 | 10000 | Feb |
| 1 | 7000 | Feb |
| 1 | 6000 | Mar |
+------+---------+-------+
查询得到的结果表:
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| id | Jan_Revenue | Feb_Revenue | Mar_Revenue | ... | Dec_Revenue |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| 1 | 8000 | 7000 | 6000 | ... | null |
| 2 | 9000 | null | null | ... | null |
| 3 | null | 10000 | null | ... | null |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
注意,结果表有 13 列 (1个部门 id 列 + 12个月份的收入列)。
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/reformat-department-table
部门表Department: +---------------+---------+ | Column Name | Type | +---------------+---------+ | id | int | | revenue | int | | month | varchar | +---------------+---------+ (id, month) 是表的联合主键。 这个表格有关于每个部门每月收入的信息。 月份(month)可以取下列值 ["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"]。 编写一个 SQL 查询来重新格式化表,使得新的表中有一个部门 id 列和一些对应每个月 的收入(revenue)列。 查询结果格式如下面的示例所示: Department 表: +------+---------+-------+ | id | revenue | month | +------+---------+-------+ | 1 | 8000 | Jan | | 2 | 9000 | Jan | | 3 | 10000 | Feb | | 1 | 7000 | Feb | | 1 | 6000 | Mar | +------+---------+-------+ 查询得到的结果表: +------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+ | id | Jan_Revenue | Feb_Revenue | Mar_Revenue | ... | Dec_Revenue | +------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+ | 1 | 8000 | 7000 | 6000 | ... | null | | 2 | 9000 | null | null | ... | null | | 3 | null | 10000 | null | ... | null | +------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+ 注意,结果表有 13 列 (1个部门 id 列 + 12个月份的收入列)。 来源:力扣(LeetCode) 链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/reformat-department-table
//测试数据
Create table If Not Exists Department (id int, revenue int, month varchar(5));
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '8000', 'Jan');
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('2', '9000', 'Jan');
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('3', '10000', 'Feb');
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '7000', 'Feb');
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '6000', 'Mar');
//测试数据
Create table If Not Exists Department (id int, revenue int, month varchar(5));
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '8000', 'Jan');
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('2', '9000', 'Jan');
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('3', '10000', 'Feb');
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '7000', 'Feb');
insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '6000', 'Mar');
//测试数据 Create table If Not Exists Department (id int, revenue int, month varchar(5)); insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '8000', 'Jan'); insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('2', '9000', 'Jan'); insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('3', '10000', 'Feb'); insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '7000', 'Feb'); insert into Department (id, revenue, month) values ('1', '6000', 'Mar');
解题思路
Department表保存了部门每个月的收入。一个部门一个月份一行记录。
题目要求:将表中数据转换成一个部门一行记录,不同月份使用不同的列来存储。
这是一个典型的行转列操作。Department表主键为(id, month),目标结果的主键为(id),数据粒度不一样,所以可以使用GROUP BY进行分组汇总。
针对目标结果的每个月份列,可以对源表数据进行CASE WHEN的条件筛选,不同的月份,使用对应月份的条件,最后再对结果取MAX即可。
参考SQL
未特别说明的情况下,参考SQL为基于MySQL8.0实现。
select
id,
max(case when month = 'Jan' then revenue end) Jan_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Feb' then revenue end) Feb_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Mar' then revenue end) Mar_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Apr' then revenue end) Apr_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'May' then revenue end) May_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Jun' then revenue end) Jun_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Jul' then revenue end) Jul_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Aug' then revenue end) Aug_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Sep' then revenue end) Sep_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Oct' then revenue end) Oct_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Nov' then revenue end) Nov_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Dec' then revenue end) Dec_Revenue
from Department
group by id;
select
id,
max(case when month = 'Jan' then revenue end) Jan_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Feb' then revenue end) Feb_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Mar' then revenue end) Mar_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Apr' then revenue end) Apr_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'May' then revenue end) May_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Jun' then revenue end) Jun_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Jul' then revenue end) Jul_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Aug' then revenue end) Aug_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Sep' then revenue end) Sep_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Oct' then revenue end) Oct_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Nov' then revenue end) Nov_Revenue,
max(case when month = 'Dec' then revenue end) Dec_Revenue
from Department
group by id;
select id, max(case when month = 'Jan' then revenue end) Jan_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Feb' then revenue end) Feb_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Mar' then revenue end) Mar_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Apr' then revenue end) Apr_Revenue, max(case when month = 'May' then revenue end) May_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Jun' then revenue end) Jun_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Jul' then revenue end) Jul_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Aug' then revenue end) Aug_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Sep' then revenue end) Sep_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Oct' then revenue end) Oct_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Nov' then revenue end) Nov_Revenue, max(case when month = 'Dec' then revenue end) Dec_Revenue from Department group by id;
本站所有内容均为原创,本站保留所有权利。仅允许非商业用途的转载,但必须注明来源网站、作者、来源链接!否则,由此造成的一切后果,由转载方承担!
干货分享、技术提升、面试笔试、学习交流,欢迎关注公众号:xuesql。QQ学习交流群:209942678。